{"id":1246,"date":"2014-11-02T19:50:08","date_gmt":"2014-11-02T19:50:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1246"},"modified":"2014-12-23T17:51:55","modified_gmt":"2014-12-23T17:51:55","slug":"cesky-papirensky-prumysl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1246","title":{"rendered":"\u010cesk\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Pr\u016fmysl pap\u00edru a celul\u00f3zy pat\u0159\u00ed k mal\u00fdm, ale v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je konkurenceschopn\u00fdm a perspektivn\u00edm oborem zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu \u010cR s\u00a0dobrou environment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdrobky nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v polygrafick\u00e9m. <\/p>\n

Je zalo\u017een na obnoviteln\u00fdch surovin\u00e1ch, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b tuzemsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (d\u0159evo), a recyklovateln\u00fdch surovin\u00e1ch (sb\u011brov\u00fd pap\u00edr). \u0158adu let realizuje strategii trvale udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje. V\u00fdroba vl\u00e1kniny a pap\u00edru prob\u00edh\u00e1 v uzav\u0159en\u00e9m cyklu. Odv\u011btv\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed k investi\u010dn\u011b velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm, a to i s\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00edm investi\u010dn\u00edch pob\u00eddek. V\u00fdroba vl\u00e1kniny je zna\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 na energii, kter\u00e1 je v\u0161ak z v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti kryta z vlastn\u00edch zdroj\u016f na b\u00e1zi obnoviteln\u00fdch surovin.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se stal po vstupu \u010cR do EU ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed celoevropsk\u00e9ho pap\u00edrensk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Do\u0161lo k tomu po dvan\u00e1cti letech od jeho vy\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed ze spole\u010dn\u00e9ho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed se Slovenskem v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republice. Tato skute\u010dnost je pom\u011brn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, proto\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje sou\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed mo\u017enosti (v\u00fdstavba pap\u00edrensk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch kapacit byla v minulosti koncipov\u00e1na pro cel\u00e9 \u010ceskoslovensko) a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kryt\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00e9 pot\u0159eby z tuzemsk\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Z t\u011bchto d\u016fvod\u016f toti\u017e bohu\u017eel mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st spot\u0159eby pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek v tuzemsku pokr\u00fdv\u00e1na importy.<\/p>\n

R\u016fst v\u00fdroby pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek v \u010cR pokra\u010doval i v roce 2006 a vzestup oproti p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmu roku dos\u00e1hnul v\u00fd\u0161e 5 %. Produkce tak poprv\u00e9 v historii p\u0159ekro\u010dila 1 mil. tun (1 041\u00a0934 t). Z vyroben\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed pak bylo vyvezeno 799,5 tis. tun, tedy pln\u00fdch 76 %. \u00dahrnn\u00e1 spot\u0159eba pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek v tuzemsku se p\u0159itom v pro\u0161l\u00e9m roce zv\u00fd\u0161ila o 8 % na rekordn\u00edch 1 473,6 tis. tun, tak\u017ee z dovoz\u016f muselo b\u00fdt zaji\u0161t\u011bno 1 231,1 tis. tun (+ 12 %). Import je tedy vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159edstavuje celkov\u00e1 produkce v \u010cR, z n\u00ed\u017e jen 242,4 tis. tun (necel\u00e1 \u010dtvrtina z celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby) bylo uplatn\u011bno na tuzemsk\u00e9m trhu.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se nad\u00e1le vyzna\u010duje nerovnom\u011brnost\u00ed ve vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9m sortimentu a specializac\u00ed v\u00fdroby na balic\u00ed a obalov\u00e9 druhy pap\u00edru, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159idanou hodnotu a jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017eeny. V zem\u00edch CEPI bylo z 99,3 milion\u016f tun v roce 2005<\/p>\n

vyroben\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek 50 % grafick\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f a pouze 40 % balic\u00edch a obalov\u00fdch, cca 10 % pak hygienick\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f, v \u010cR pak z celkov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby bylo jen 31 % grafick\u00fdch a naopak p\u0159es 64 % balic\u00edch a obalov\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek a pouze 5 % hygienick\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou rovn\u011b\u017e ve velk\u00fdch objemech dov\u00e1\u017eeny. Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce je rozd\u00edl v sortimentu produkce patrn\u00fd p\u0159i porovn\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u0159. s Rakouskem kde grafick\u00e9 pap\u00edry tvo\u0159\u00ed 60 % a balic\u00ed pouze 36 % z celkov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Statistiky Svazu pr\u016fmyslu pap\u00edru a celul\u00f3zy potvrzuj\u00ed celkov\u011b velmi progresivn\u00ed rozvoj odv\u011btv\u00ed, co\u017e hlavn\u011b dokazuje \u00fadaj o tuzemsk\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b pap\u00edru na jednoho obyvatele. Ta se v roce 2005 zv\u00fd\u0161ila oproti p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmu roku o 3 % (ze 129,7 kg na 133,3 kg), za rok 2006 pak stoupla dokonce na 143,3 kg na obyvatele za rok (tedy o 7,5 %). Rekordn\u00ed byla vloni tak\u00e9 tuzemsk\u00e1 v\u00fdroba vl\u00e1knin celkem kter\u00e1 se zv\u00fd\u0161ila o 1 % (765 847 t, z toho 670 729 t buni\u010din). V\u00fdvozy v t\u00e9to polo\u017ece dos\u00e1hly v\u00fd\u0161e 242,2 tis. t (zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed o 20 %), dovozy vl\u00e1knin pak poklesly na 33,8 tis. (na 93 %). Velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pod\u00edl na zan\u00e1\u0161ce p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek (43,3 %) m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 sb\u011brov\u00fd pap\u00edr, kter\u00e9ho se spot\u0159ebovalo v\u00a0roce 2006 v pap\u00edrensk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu 456 318 t.<\/p>\n

Za rok 2006 dos\u00e1hla produkce pap\u00edrensk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f celkem v\u00fd\u0161e 510 101 t a vlnit\u00e9 lepenky 422 690 t, co\u017e je zhruba stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed jako v p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm obdob\u00ed (v\u00fdroba karton\u00e1\u017ee z VL v\u0161ak stoupla 3 % a karton\u00e1\u017ee a obal\u016f ostatn\u00edch a\u017e o 32 %). Spot\u0159eba v obou statisticky sledovan\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch druz\u00edch se zv\u00fd\u0161ila o 3 % u v\u00fdrobk\u016f (na 481,5 tis. t) a o 2 % u vlnit\u00e9 lepenky (zde o cca 8 tis. tun stoupnul tak\u00e9 import).<\/p>\n

Perspektivy odv\u011btv\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech bude nezbytn\u00e9 zajistit d\u016fslednou nediskriminaci v\u0161ech energetick\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd n\u00e1vrh syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch zm\u011bn, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo neefektivn\u00edmu zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f podnik\u016f, odrazov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edch investor\u016f od podnikatelsk\u00fdch aktivit v \u010cR. Jedn\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na o ohro\u017een\u00ed dostupnosti z\u00e1kladn\u00ed suroviny – d\u0159eva pro pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00fdm odlivem do v\u00fdroby energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je nutno zabr\u00e1nit sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed konkurenceschopnosti \u010desk\u00fdch podnik\u016f na evropsk\u00e9m trhu vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm nerovn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm limit\u016f EU, bez odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edho prosp\u011bchu na stran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159. o n\u00e1vrh za\u0159azen\u00ed v\u0161ech \u0159ek v \u010cR do citliv\u00fdch tok\u016f (st\u00e1lo by to p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 60 mld. K\u010d a zp\u016fsobilo blokace pro nov\u00e9 investice), nebo ne p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161\u0165astn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed alokac\u00ed emis\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch energetiky. D\u00e1le bude nutn\u00e9 pokra\u010dovat v diskusi a p\u0159ipravovat takov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice, kter\u00e9 by zamezily \u0161patn\u00e9mu nastaven\u00ed proces\u016f povolov\u00e1n\u00ed (EIA, IPPC, atd.), nebo na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed REACH (nezahrnovat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vl\u00e1kniny \u010di sb\u011brov\u00fd pap\u00edr) \u010di neust\u00e1l\u00e9 roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed IRZ.<\/p>\n

Environment\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edle v pap\u00edrensk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu je t\u0159eba hodnotit s ohledem na jejich ekonomick\u00e9 a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady. P\u0159itom mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nalezena optim\u00e1ln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed jak v\u00a0ekonomice a zam\u011bstnanosti, tak v oblasti \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup zohled\u0148uje princip trvale udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje, zalo\u017een\u00e9ho na dynamick\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017eenosti t\u0159\u00ed pil\u00ed\u0159\u016f – ekonomick\u00e9ho, soci\u00e1ln\u00edho a ekologick\u00e9ho. Jak\u00e9koliv vych\u00fdlen\u00ed jednoho z pil\u00ed\u0159\u016f vn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu rizika. Uveden\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup h\u00e1j\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl spole\u010dn\u011b s ostatn\u00edmi 16 \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi Konfederace evropsk\u00fdch pap\u00edrensk\u00fdch pr\u016fmysl\u016f (CEPI).<\/p>\n

Pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl soustavn\u011b pe\u010duje o sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed negativn\u00edch vliv\u016f sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u0161ichni rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdrobci uplat\u0148uj\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Od roku 1992 tak do\u0161lo k v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu poklesu v\u0161ech druh\u016f zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e o 92 % (specifick\u00e9 emise na tunu v\u00fdrobku klesly u SO2 o 86 %, NOx o 50 %). Podstatn\u011b se sn\u00ed\u017eily specifick\u00e9 spot\u0159eby energi\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu 1 tuny pap\u00edru (voda o 43 %, elekt\u0159ina o 45 %) a vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdroba elekt\u0159iny z biomasy stoupla z 37 % na 60 % celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby elektrick\u00e9 energie v pap\u00edrensk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. Od roku 1992 se ztrojn\u00e1sobila spot\u0159eba sb\u011brov\u00e9ho pap\u00edru na v\u00fdrobu nov\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f a v\u00a0roce 2005 dos\u00e1hla v\u00edce ne\u017e 480 tis. tun.<\/p>\n

\u010clensk\u00e9 podniky SPPaC p\u0159ijaly po\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 2006 Pravidla k zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby d\u0159eva a maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem tato pravidla roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it do cel\u00e9ho d\u0159evozpracuj\u00edc\u00edho sektoru \u010desk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159es dynamick\u00fd r\u016fst spot\u0159eby pap\u00edr\u016f a lepenek st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b \u010cR nedosahuje \u00farovn\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00ed EU, d\u00e1 se v\u0161ak p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat dal\u0161\u00ed vzestup tohoto ukazatele, a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161e spot\u0159eby kolem 200 kg na obyvatele. To by odpov\u00eddalo celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b v objemu zhruba 2 mil. tun za rok. Dosa\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9to hranice pouze absolutn\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstem dovozu je ekonomicky neefektivn\u00ed a bylo by nutn\u00e9 je \u0159e\u0161it investicemi v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozsahu. Bohu\u017eel v\u0161ak naopak do\u0161lo v roce 2006 k odchodu v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho investora v pap\u00edrensk\u00e9m oboru (v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacita a\u017e 400 tis. t tiskov\u00fdch pap\u00edr\u016f) z \u010cR z\u00a0d\u016fvod\u016f ne\u00fanosn\u00e9ho prodlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ud\u011blen\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch povolen\u00ed k v\u00fdstavb\u011b, nejasnostem v zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u0159evn\u00ed suroviny i energi\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm (pap\u00edrensk\u00fd stroj se ji\u017e nyn\u00ed stav\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e hranic \u010cR v N\u011bmecku s bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fdm vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00edm v\u0161ech ekologick\u00fdch dopad\u016f, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm d\u0159evn\u00ed suroviny pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tak\u00e9 dovozem z \u010cR atd.).<\/p>\n

Optimistick\u00e9 v\u00fdhledy pap\u00edrensk\u00e9ho odv\u011btv\u00ed by p\u0159itom m\u011bla podtrhovat skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o odv\u011btv\u00ed surovinov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00e9 na trvale obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed snadn\u00e9 recyklace sv\u00e9 produkce a obecn\u011b vn\u00edman\u00e9 jako environment\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9. Bohu\u017eel v\u0161ak nebylo dosud dosa\u017eeno konsenzu mezi po\u017eadavky ekologick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed a ekonomick\u00fdm z\u00e1jmem \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v oblasti vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed obnoviteln\u00e9 suroviny d\u0159eva.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

crafting a pattern express to software
\nweight loss tips<\/a>DM Made in England 1461s<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pr\u016fmysl pap\u00edru a celul\u00f3zy pat\u0159\u00ed k mal\u00fdm, ale v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je konkurenceschopn\u00fdm a perspektivn\u00edm oborem zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu \u010cR s\u00a0dobrou environment\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost\u00ed. Jeho v\u00fdrobky nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed ve v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch odv\u011btv\u00edch zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v polygrafick\u00e9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4YkmD-k6","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1246"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4416,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1246\/revisions\/4416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}