{"id":1265,"date":"2026-09-30T08:24:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T08:24:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1265"},"modified":"2026-07-05T11:41:35","modified_gmt":"2026-07-05T11:41:35","slug":"informatorium-o-dreve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1265","title":{"rendered":"Informatorium o d\u0159ev\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Mezi evropsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty zauj\u00edm\u00e1 na\u0161e republika 12. m\u00edsto<\/strong> v lesnatosti (33,5 %), v z\u00e1sob\u011b d\u0159eva na 1 hektar je na 4. m\u00edst\u011b<\/strong> (245,8 m3\/ha) a v ro\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstu na 1 ha je na 6. m\u00edst\u011b<\/strong> (7,8 m3\/ha). Zejm\u00e9na posledn\u00ed dva \u00fadaje dokumentuj\u00ed, \u017ee stav les\u016f v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nen\u00ed zdaleka takov\u00fd, jak je bohu\u017eel \u010dasto neodborn\u011b prezentov\u00e1n. <\/p>\n

– Celkov\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edr\u016fst (to, co v les\u00edch ro\u010dn\u011b naroste) v \u010desk\u00fdch les\u00edch je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 18 mil. m3, p\u0159itom se ro\u010dn\u011b vyt\u011b\u017e\u00ed zhruba 14 \u2013 15 mil. m3, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b se zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1soby d\u0159eva nejm\u00e9n\u011b o 3 mil. m3 a v roce 2003 \u010dinily 650 mil. m3 (v roce 1930 to bylo 307 mil. m3). V d\u016fsledku zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed rozlohy les\u016f se p\u0159\u00edr\u016fst zv\u011bt\u0161uje, tzn. \u017ee v \u010cR se zvy\u0161uj\u00ed z\u00e1soby d\u0159eva i dynamika a rychlost tohoto procesu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>– D\u0159evo je jedn\u00edm z nejstar\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 se lidstvo nau\u010dilo vyu\u017e\u00edvat ke stavb\u011b obydl\u00ed, v\u00fdrob\u011b pracovn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f i jako zdroje energie. Zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina v sou\u010dasnosti u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch stavebn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f je vyr\u00e1b\u011bna z neobnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a jejich v\u00fdroba je energeticky vysoce n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, d\u0159evo roste a spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1 oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd, \u010d\u00edm\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 ke zpomalov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fstu jeho obsahu v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. D\u0159evo z dob\u0159e obhospoda\u0159ovan\u00fdch les\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed k obnoviteln\u00fdm surovin\u00e1m a jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je \u0161etrn\u00e9 k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– V obdob\u00ed po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce bylo d\u0159evo v b\u00fdval\u00e9m \u010ceskoslovensku za\u0159azeno mezi strategick\u00e9 suroviny, s kter\u00fdmi je nutno p\u0159i tuzemsk\u00e9m u\u017eit\u00ed \u0161et\u0159it. D\u0159evo se tak stalo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm exportn\u00edm artiklem a jeho v\u00fdvoz posiloval jinak neschopn\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. D\u0159evo bylo vyv\u00e1\u017eeno \u010dasto pouze jako surovina bez jak\u00e9koliv p\u0159idan\u00e9 hodnoty. Tento \u00fatlum pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva, pos\u00edlen\u00fd intenzivn\u00ed v\u00fdstavbou panelov\u00fdch dom\u016f, vedl i k redukci v\u00fduky zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva na v\u0161ech fakult\u00e1ch, je\u017e to m\u011bly ve sv\u00fdch studijn\u00edch programech.<\/p>\n

V d\u016fsledku t\u011bchto faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u016fsobily za \u00e9ry socialismu:<\/strong><\/p>\n

– za\u0159azen\u00edm d\u0159eva mezi strategick\u00e9 suroviny a maximalizace jeho v\u00fdvozu
\n– l\u017eiv\u00e9 propagandy o nutnosti omezen\u00ed spot\u0159eby d\u0159eva a pap\u00edru
\n– masivn\u00ed v\u00fdstavby panelov\u00fdch dom\u016f
\n– nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva jin\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly (plasty) i v ostatn\u00edch sf\u00e9r\u00e1ch \u017eivota obyvatelstva
\n– redukce v\u00fduky zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a u\u017eit\u00ed d\u0159eva
\n– redukce podpory v\u011bdy a v\u00fdzkumu<\/p>\n

do\u0161lo k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva v n\u00e1rodn\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska, posl\u00e9ze \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, a to tak, \u017ee \u010cR se v t\u00e9to oblasti pohybuje na jednom z posledn\u00edch m\u00edst v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

Dlouhodobou viz\u00ed je, aby se b\u011bhem 10 let ro\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eba d\u0159eva na jednoho obyvatele v \u010cR zdvojn\u00e1sobila z nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch 0,23 m3 na 0,46 m3. V Rakousku byl b\u011bhem posledn\u00edch 15 let zaznamen\u00e1n vzr\u016fst spot\u0159eby d\u0159eva na jednoho obyvatele z 0,30 m3 na 0,62. Velk\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159eva na jednoho obyvatele dos\u00e1hly tak\u00e9 skandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, kde je na \u0161pici Finsko s 1,00 m3 na jednoho obyvatele.<\/p>\n

V odborn\u00fdch kruz\u00edch Evropy se v sou\u010dasnosti diskutuje ot\u00e1zka mo\u017en\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eby d\u0159eva z 0,2 m3 na jednoho obyvatele na hodnotu spot\u0159eby USA a Japonska, kter\u00e1 je 0,5 m3 na obyvatele.<\/p>\n

– Dosavadn\u00ed pohled na postaven\u00ed lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed \u010cR jenom podle jeho pod\u00edlu na HDP (0,7 %<\/strong>) p\u0159edstavuje do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry zjednodu\u0161en\u00fd, jednostrann\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. I p\u0159es rostouc\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdznamu mimoproduk\u010dn\u00edch funkc\u00ed les\u016f tomuto pohledu chyb\u00ed zahrnut\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch, \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch ekonomick\u00fdch souvislost\u00ed, kter\u00fdmi jsou hodnocen\u00ed lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed jako prvn\u00edho \u010dl\u00e1nku cel\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobn\u00edho \u0159et\u011bzce, kter\u00e9mu dod\u00e1v\u00e1 obnovitelnou, ekologicky \u010distou surovinu. T\u00edm maj\u00ed do budoucna navazuj\u00edc\u00ed zpracovatelsk\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed velk\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady st\u00e1t se modelov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem sektoru fakticky realizuj\u00edc\u00edho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed na principu trvale udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a> – Propojen\u00ed lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm surov\u00e9ho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed je z ekonomicko-soci\u00e1ln\u00edho hlediska siln\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1no i ze strany Evropsk\u00e9 unie, co\u017e se projevuje v jej\u00edm statistick\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu, kde se hovo\u0159\u00ed i lesnictv\u00ed a na lesn\u00edch zdroj\u00edch zalo\u017een\u00e9m zpracovatelsk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu jako o jednom sektoru.<\/p>\n

– P\u0159i tomto statistick\u00e9m pohledu prezentuje Evropsk\u00e1 unie ve\u0159ejnosti skute\u010dnost, \u017ee lesnictv\u00ed spolu s d\u0159evozpracuj\u00edc\u00edm pr\u016fmyslem, v\u00fdrobou pap\u00edru a buni\u010diny, zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm pap\u00edru a lepenky, v\u00fdrobou obalov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f a nov\u011b tak\u00e9 za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00edm polygrafick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a vydavatelsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti se pod\u00edl\u00ed v EU na celkov\u00e9 hodnot\u011b v\u00fdroby, p\u0159idan\u00e9 hodnoty a zam\u011bstnanosti hodnotou p\u0159es 10 %.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b komplex d\u0159evozpracuj\u00edc\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu v \u010cR zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 207 tis. pracovn\u00edk\u016f, co\u017e je 16% pod\u00edl na zam\u011bstnanosti cel\u00e9ho zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Po\u010det zam\u011bstnanc\u016f v lesn\u00edm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed se pohybuje kolem 24 000.<\/p>\n

Celkov\u011b komplex d\u0159evozpracuj\u00edc\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu vytvo\u0159\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b kladn\u00e9 saldo ze zahrani\u010dn\u00edho obchodu ve v\u00fd\u0161i cca 40 mld. K\u010d, co\u017e je nap\u0159. 5x v\u00edce ne\u017e vyprodukuje textiln\u00ed a od\u011bvn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl. P\u0159itom ze 23 odv\u011btv\u00ed zpracovatelsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed kladn\u00e9 saldo jen 12 odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm faktorem je rentabilita vlastn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu: D\u0159evozpracuj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fmysl dosahuje z vlo\u017een\u00e9 koruny vlastn\u00edho kapit\u00e1lu ro\u010dn\u00edho zisku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 19 hal., u komplexu v\u00fdroby dopravn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je to 16 hal., u komplexu chemicko, farmaceuticko, gum\u00e1rensko-plastik\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho 14 hal., a u v\u00fdroby textili\u00ed, textiln\u00edch a od\u011bvn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f je to jen 7 hal. P\u0159ijateln\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br je 15 hal.<\/p>\n

– Takov\u00e9 statistick\u00e9 \u00fadaje, spojen\u00e9 s lesem a s vyu\u017eit\u00edm d\u0159eva, ji\u017e nemohou b\u00fdt v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b na pokraji z\u00e1jmu n\u00e1rodohospod\u00e1\u0159\u016f ani politik\u016f. P\u0159itom je nutno si obr\u00e1zek o produk\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti lesnicko-d\u0159eva\u0159sk\u00e9ho sektoru je\u0161t\u011b doplnit o dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos les\u016f pro rekreaci obyvatelstva, ochranu kvalitn\u00ed pitn\u00e9 vody, p\u016fdy, biodiverzity, p\u0159\u00ednos pro rozvoj venkova \u010di v\u00fdrobu energie z biomasy apod.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd Evropan m\u00e1 k dispozici t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 1 m3 dor\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b. Ka\u017ed\u00fdch 80 let vyroste v Evrop\u011b na ka\u017edou t\u0159\u00ed\u010dlennou rodinu 240 m3 d\u0159eva, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ze 140 m3, zpracovan\u00fdch na u\u017eitkov\u00e9 d\u0159evo, lze postavit komplexn\u00ed rodinn\u00fd d\u016fm s kvalitn\u00ed izolac\u00ed a 80 let ho velmi levn\u011b vyt\u00e1p\u011bt. Ze zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch 100 m3 lze vyrobit n\u00e1bytek a \u0159adu ostatn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f (hudebn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, hra\u010dky, vybaven\u00ed pro voln\u00fd \u010das, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 haly, st\u00e1je pro chovan\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159ectvo apod.). Takto zpracovan\u00e9 d\u0159evo lze po letech n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b recyklovat nebo ho sp\u00e1lit a vznikl\u00e9 teplo op\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby vyu\u017e\u00edt. P\u0159itom za dobu \u017eivotnosti d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9ho domu n\u00e1m vyroste nov\u00fd les. Je zn\u00e1m lep\u0161\u00ed a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho stav\u011bn\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b recyklace materi\u00e1l\u016f pro stav\u011bn\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Stavebnictv\u00ed<\/strong> v \u010cR pat\u0159\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00ed n\u00e1rodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed se zhruba 15% pod\u00edlem na tvorb\u011b HDP a zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 9 % osob.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco v \u010cesku tvo\u0159\u00ed pod\u00edl staveb na b\u00e1zi d\u0159eva na bytov\u00e9 v\u00fdstavb\u011b jen 1 %, v N\u011bmecku je to 7 %, v Rakousku, \u0160v\u00fdcarsku 10 %, (z toho v Bavorsku 70 %), Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii \u2013 Anglii, Walesu 15 %, Skotsku 50 % (p\u0159itom na britsk\u00fdch ostrovech jsou mal\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed zdroje d\u0159eva), ve Finsku, Norsku a D\u00e1nsku p\u0159es 60 %, v USA 65 % a Kanad\u011b dokonce 80 %.<\/p>\n

Celkov\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed d\u0159eva ve stavebnictv\u00ed:<\/p>\n

Kanada p\u0159es 80 %, Finsko, \u0160v\u00e9dsko, Norsko 70 %, USA 65 %, SRN a Rakousko 20 %, \u010cR m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 3 %.<\/p>\n

Ve v\u00fdrobc\u00edch ze d\u0159eva se dlouhodob\u011b uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 uhl\u00edk, t\u00edm se stabilizuje jeho mno\u017estv\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a zmen\u0161uj\u00ed se dopady glob\u00e1ln\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch zm\u011bn. Jeden m3<\/sup> d\u0159eva v\u00e1\u017ee a\u017e 250 kg CO2<\/sub>. P\u0159i pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b 100 – 150 m3<\/sup> d\u0159eva na jeden d\u016fm a \u017eivotnosti stavby minim\u00e1ln\u011b 100 let se jedn\u00e1 o nezanedbateln\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed. P\u0159itom na m\u00edst\u011b, kde se na d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd d\u016fm vyt\u011b\u017eil les, za sto let vyroste les nov\u00fd – a ten v\u00e1\u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed tuny tohoto sklen\u00edkov\u00e9ho plynu. Naopak p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b cementu, p\u00e1len\u00ed cihel a v\u00e1pna, p\u0159eprav\u011b stavebn\u00edch hmot se obrovsk\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed tohoto plynu pouze uvol\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The handle is loose
\nchristina aguilera weight loss<\/a>Maxx introduces the hottest trends for juniors<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mezi evropsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty zauj\u00edm\u00e1 na\u0161e republika 12. m\u00edsto v lesnatosti (33,5 %), v z\u00e1sob\u011b d\u0159eva na 1 hektar je na 4. m\u00edst\u011b (245,8 m3\/ha) a v ro\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstu na 1 ha je na 6. m\u00edst\u011b (7,8 m3\/ha). Zejm\u00e9na posledn\u00ed dva \u00fadaje dokumentuj\u00ed, \u017ee stav les\u016f v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nen\u00ed zdaleka takov\u00fd, jak je bohu\u017eel \u010dasto neodborn\u011b prezentov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-les"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4YkmD-kp","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1265"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5937,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1265\/revisions\/5937"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}