{"id":1397,"date":"2019-09-30T05:42:22","date_gmt":"2019-09-30T05:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1397"},"modified":"2019-09-24T04:11:25","modified_gmt":"2019-09-24T04:11:25","slug":"mlha","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1397","title":{"rendered":"Mlha – za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 podzimn\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Mlha je oblak<\/strong>, kter\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u011b nad zem\u00ed a v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezuje viditelnost na vzd\u00e1lenost ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1 km. Vznik\u00e1 kondenzac\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstv\u011b vzduchu. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se s mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch kapi\u010dek nebo drobn\u00fdch ledov\u00fdch krystalk\u016f rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdch ve vzduchu. Mlha se od oblaku odli\u0161uje pouze t\u00edm, \u017ee se dot\u00fdk\u00e1 zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu, zat\u00edmco oblak nikoliv. Ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu nad zemsk\u00fdm povrchem, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje vznik mlhy, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyvol\u00e1no r\u016fzn\u00fdmi faktory.<\/p>\n

Mlha vznik\u00e1 jako d\u016fsledek kondenzace v p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstv\u011b vzduchu. Vznik\u00e1 tehdy, poklesne-li teplota vzduchu pod teplotu rosn\u00e9ho bodu. Podle zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed vzdu\u0161n\u00e9 masy rozli\u0161ujeme n\u011bkolik typ\u016f mlhy:<\/p>\n

— radia\u010dn\u00ed mlhy
\n—\u00a0advek\u010dn\u00ed mlhy
\n—\u00a0mlhy z vypa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed
\n—\u00a0mlhy z prom\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed
\n—\u00a0orografick\u00e9 mlhy
\n—\u00a0m\u011bstsk\u00e9 mlhy
\n—\u00a0mlhy vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed kombinac\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/em><\/p>\n

Mlha se \u010dast\u011bji tvo\u0159\u00ed v m\u00edst\u011b zasa\u017een\u00e9m exhalacemi. Ty vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed kondenza\u010dn\u00ed centra vhodn\u00e1 pro vznik mlhy.<\/p>\n

Radia\u010dn\u00ed mlha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Radia\u010dn\u00ed mlha vznik\u00e1 n\u00e1sledkem no\u010dn\u00edho ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu p\u0159il\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00edho k zemsk\u00e9mu\"\"<\/a>povrchu. Toto podlo\u017e\u00ed se ochlazuje d\u016fsledkem dlouhovlnn\u00e9ho vyza\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro vznik mlhy je pot\u0159ebn\u00e9, aby ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchu od podlo\u017e\u00ed nebylo naru\u0161ov\u00e1no siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm proud\u011bn\u00edm. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost proud\u011bn\u00ed je 1 – 3 m\/s. P\u0159i siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm proud\u011bn\u00ed by se prom\u00edch\u00e1vala mocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstva vzduchu a nedo\u0161lo by tak k jej\u00edmu dostate\u010dn\u00e9mu ochlazen\u00ed. Takto by se vzduch nenasytil vodn\u00fdmi parami a mlha by nevznikla. Tato mlha se tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b noci. V l\u00e9t\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed jen tenou\u010dkou vrstvu nad podlo\u017e\u00edm a rozpad\u00e1v\u00e1 se brzy po v\u00fdchodu slunce. Na podzim je to vrstva siln\u00e1 100 – 200 m a rozpad\u00e1v\u00e1 se dopoledne, anebo zmetamorf\u00f3zuje na obla\u010dnost druhu Stratus, se z\u00e1kladnou ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 100 – 300 m. V zim\u011b pak m\u016f\u017ee tato mlha trvat v z\u00e1vislosti na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch meteorologick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch i cel\u00fd den.<\/p>\n

Advek\u010dn\u00ed mlha<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Tento druh mlhy se tvo\u0159\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy se vlhk\u00fd tepl\u00fd vzduch p\u0159emis\u0165uje nad studen\u00e9 zemsk\u00e9 podlo\u017e\u00ed. P\u0159i sv\u00e9m pohybu se od podlo\u017e\u00ed ochlazuj\u00ed p\u0159il\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00ed vzduchov\u00e9 vrstvy a\u017e do stavu nasycen\u00ed vodn\u00fdmi parami. P\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rychlosti proud\u011bn\u00ed se mlha p\u0159i zemi neudr\u017e\u00ed, zdvihne se do v\u00fd\u0161ky a vytvo\u0159\u00ed se Stratus. Advek\u010dn\u00ed mlhy zab\u00edraj\u00ed velk\u00e9 prostory, mohou vzniknout v kter\u00e9koliv denn\u00ed dob\u011b, obvykle v\u0161ak na podzim a v zim\u011b, kdy se nad na\u0161e \u00fazem\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed tepl\u00e9 a vlhk\u00e9 vzduchov\u00e9 hmoty od oce\u00e1nu, kter\u00fd je v tomto obdob\u00ed teplej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pevnina. Jsou spojen\u00e9 s mrholen\u00edm, v no\u010dn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch obvykle s\u00edl\u00edc\u00edm vlivem radia\u010dn\u00edho efektu. Vertik\u00e1ln\u011b v\u017edy p\u0159esahuj\u00ed 20 m a mohou b\u00fdt mocn\u00e9 i n\u011bkolik stovek metr\u016f. Maj\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 trv\u00e1n\u00ed a rozpad\u00e1vaj\u00ed se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vlivem zm\u011bny synoptick\u00e9 situace.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edfront\u00e1ln\u00ed mlha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vznik\u00e1 tehdy, kdy\u017e studen\u00fdm vzduchem p\u0159ed frontou propad\u00e1vaj\u00ed relativn\u011b tepl\u00e9 vodn\u00ed kapky, kter\u00e9 se vypa\u0159uj\u00ed a touto vlhkost\u00ed nasycuj\u00ed vzduch. Nej\u010dast\u011bji vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159ed tepl\u00fdmi frontami v p\u00e1smu 100 – 200 km p\u0159ed vlastn\u00ed front\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010darou.<\/p>\n

Zafront\u00e1ln\u00ed mlha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 advekc\u00ed tepl\u00e9ho a vlhk\u00e9ho vzduchu nad studen\u00e9 podlo\u017e\u00ed za teplou frontou anebo teplou okluz\u00ed. M\u00e1 velkou rozlohu a je spojen\u00e1 s front\u00e1ln\u00ed obla\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Front\u00e1ln\u00ed mlha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tento typ mlhy je v podstat\u011b front\u00e1ln\u00ed obla\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 dosahuje svou spodn\u00ed z\u00e1kladnou a\u017e na zemsk\u00fd povrch.<\/p>\n

M\u011bstsk\u00e1 mlha<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tento typ mlh je zn\u00e1m sp\u00ed\u0161 pod ozna\u010den\u00edm smog. Smog je sm\u011bs p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vodn\u00edho aerosolu, prachu, kou\u0159e a exhalac\u00ed z dopravy, kter\u00e9 smogu prop\u016fj\u010duj\u00ed jeho specifick\u00fd namodral\u00fd a\u017e na\u0161edl\u00fd n\u00e1dech. Kondenzace vodn\u00edch par v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed je d\u00edky zna\u010dn\u00e9 pra\u0161nosti i exhalac\u00edm o to snaz\u0161\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b s ohledem na fakt, \u017ee brzy po r\u00e1nu, kdy jsou v\u0161eobecn\u011b podm\u00ednky pro vznik mlh nejp\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, s\u00edl\u00ed dopravn\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dka a je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 produkce kou\u0159e z lok\u00e1ln\u00edch topeni\u0161\u0165. Rozli\u0161ujeme smog Lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho typu (na vzniku smogu se pod\u00edl\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proud\u011bn\u00ed vlhk\u00e9ho vzduchu od mo\u0159e) a New Yorksk\u00e9ho typu (hlavn\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d je doprava).<\/p>\n

True to his eccentric design style
\nmiranda lambert weight loss<\/a>8 Common Fashion Mistakes Men Make<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mlha je oblak, kter\u00fd le\u017e\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u011b nad zem\u00ed a v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezuje viditelnost na vzd\u00e1lenost ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1 km. Vznik\u00e1 kondenzac\u00ed vodn\u00ed p\u00e1ry v p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed vrstv\u011b vzduchu. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se s mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch kapi\u010dek nebo drobn\u00fdch ledov\u00fdch krystalk\u016f rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdch ve vzduchu. Mlha se od oblaku odli\u0161uje<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/s4YkmD-mlha","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1397"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5493,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1397\/revisions\/5493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1397"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1397"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1397"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}