{"id":1983,"date":"2012-05-23T11:33:27","date_gmt":"2012-05-23T11:33:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1983"},"modified":"2014-12-20T00:45:32","modified_gmt":"2014-12-20T00:45:32","slug":"ulovek-v-lese-listonoh-americky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=1983","title":{"rendered":"\u00dalovek v lese. Listonoh americk\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>P\u0159i jedn\u00e9 z na\u0161ich v\u00fdprav do lesa jsme v jedn\u00e9 z mnoha lou\u017e\u00ed objevili zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho tvora, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 dobu d\u00e1vno minulou. Ten mal\u00fd nezn\u00e1m\u00fd byl Listonoh americk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Listonoh americk\u00fd<\/strong>\u00a0(Triops longicaudatus<\/em>) je a\u017e 60 mm dlouh\u00fd\u00a0kor\u00fd\u0161\u00a0s t\u011blem chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm hn\u011bd\u00fdm a\u017e hn\u011bdo\u017elut\u011b zbarven\u00fdm krun\u00fd\u0159em (n\u011bkdy vybarven\u00fd i pest\u0159eji), tvarem pon\u011bkud p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed\u00a0trilobita\u00a0– proto se mu tak\u00e9 n\u011bkdy p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1\u00a0\u017eivouc\u00ed fos\u00edlie<\/em>. K\u016f\u017ei, kterou je opat\u0159en mus\u00ed v prvn\u00edch t\u00fddnech sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota velmi \u010dasto a pozd\u011bji u\u017e jen ob\u010das svl\u00e9kat, kv\u016fli r\u016fstu t\u011bla. Pokud Listonoha chov\u00e1te, budete proto takov\u00e9to zbytky na dn\u011b nach\u00e1zet. Na hlav\u011b m\u00e1 t\u0159i o\u010di, z nich\u017e jedno reaguje na sv\u011btlo a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 listonohovi pohybovat se za sv\u011btlem. Listonoh se pohybuje pomoc\u00ed 140 nohou (tak\u00e9 jimi d\u00fdch\u00e1) a \"\"<\/a>dlouh\u00e9ho ocasu rozd\u011blen\u00e9ho do vidlice. Listonohov\u00e9 jsou bl\u00edzce p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed krab\u016f a krevet (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b i podle tvaru t\u011bla). Je\u00a0v\u0161e\u017eravec. Pokud ho chov\u00e1te v akv\u00e1riu, m\u016f\u017eete ho krmit krmen\u00edm pro rybi\u010dky nebo jemn\u011b nastrouhanou mrkv\u00ed \u010di jablky. V\u0161echno j\u00eddlo ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b rozdrceno! Listonoh se chov\u00e1 pro u\u017eitek jako n\u00e1vnada pro ryby.<\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b \u017eije listonoh v mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch s \u010derstvou, klidnou vodou, kter\u00e9 nejsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hlubok\u00e9 a obsahuj\u00ed teplou vodu. (N\u011bkdy v\u0161ak \u017eij\u00ed i v bahnit\u00e9 \u010di hluboce zakalen\u00e9 vod\u011b.) Voln\u011b plavou, ale \u010dasto klesaj\u00ed a pono\u0159uj\u00ed se na dno n\u00e1dr\u017ee, kde pozd\u011bji nakladou vejce. Jsou v\u00fdborn\u00fdmi a rychl\u00fdmi plavci. Pokud chcete chovat listonoha doma v akv\u00e1riu (jako ostatn\u00ed rybi\u010dky), mus\u00ed m\u00edt voda teplotu cca 20 \u00b0C a\u017e 28 \u00b0C.P\u0159e\u017eije v\u0161ak i vodu pod 20 \u00b0C, ale nen\u00ed to nejlep\u0161\u00ed. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b se, p\u0159i ide\u00e1ln\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch a dostate\u010dn\u00e9m krmen\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee listonoh do\u017e\u00edt a\u017e 2 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Listonohov\u00e9 se na Zemi poprv\u00e9 objevili p\u0159ed cca 200 miliony lety, v dob\u011b druhohor, v dob\u011b\u00a0plaz\u016f\u00a0a\u00a0dinosaur\u016f\u00a0(je to jeden z nejstar\u0161\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f dosud \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch na Zemi<\/em>). \u017dij\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na v\u0161ech kontinentech v odli\u0161n\u00fdch velikostech a barv\u00e1ch. Jen ne u\u017e v tak hojn\u00e9m po\u010dtu jako tomu bylo p\u0159edt\u00edm. I tak je z\u00e1zrak, \u017ee se Listonohov\u00e9 na Zemi udr\u017eeli mezi miliony jin\u00fdmi druhy a\u017e dodnes. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed druhy Listonoh\u016f \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch u n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017eeme za\u0159adit nap\u0159.\u00a0Listonoha letn\u00edho\u00a0nebo\u00a0Listonoha jarn\u00edho.\u00a0Listohoh letn\u00ed<\/strong>\u00a0je na rozd\u00edl od Listonoha americk\u00e9ho a\u017e p\u0159es 10 cm dlouh\u00fd a kriticky ohro\u017een\u00fd (u n\u00e1s). Proto se m\u00edsta v\u00fdskytu Listonoha letn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neuv\u00e1d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Rozmno\u017euje se sexu\u00e1ln\u011b, jako\u00a0hermafrodit\u00a0i\u00a0parthenogenez\u00ed. Kor\u00fd\u0161 se l\u00edhne z vaj\u00ed\u010dek, kter\u00e1 se zalij\u00ed \u010distou (pramenitou) vodou a do 2 – 4 dn\u016f se vyl\u00edhnou mal\u00ed jedinci, kte\u0159\u00ed velmi rychle vyrostou. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b za 9 dn\u00ed jsou schopni rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. Listonoh sv\u00e1 vaj\u00ed\u010dka nos\u00ed pod krun\u00fd\u0159em u no\u017ei\u010dek. Vaj\u00ed\u010dka listonoha vydr\u017e\u00ed mr\u00e1z i sucho po dobu del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 30 let. St\u00e1dium, kdy vaj\u00ed\u010dka nedot\u010den\u00e1 n\u011bkde le\u017e\u00ed, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1\u00a0diapauza.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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P\u0159i jedn\u00e9 z na\u0161ich v\u00fdprav do lesa jsme v jedn\u00e9 z mnoha lou\u017e\u00ed objevili zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho tvora, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 dobu d\u00e1vno minulou. Ten mal\u00fd nezn\u00e1m\u00fd byl Listonoh americk\u00fd. Listonoh americk\u00fd\u00a0(Triops longicaudatus) je a\u017e 60 mm dlouh\u00fd\u00a0kor\u00fd\u0161\u00a0s t\u011blem chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm hn\u011bd\u00fdm a\u017e hn\u011bdo\u017elut\u011b zbarven\u00fdm krun\u00fd\u0159em (n\u011bkdy vybarven\u00fd i pest\u0159eji),<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[8,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clanky","category-les"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4YkmD-vZ","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1983"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1989,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1983\/revisions\/1989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}