{"id":4612,"date":"2015-04-23T06:12:24","date_gmt":"2015-04-23T06:12:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=4612"},"modified":"2015-04-19T19:13:44","modified_gmt":"2015-04-19T19:13:44","slug":"lesotechnicke-meliorace-a-hrazeni-bystrin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/?p=4612","title":{"rendered":"Lesotechnick\u00e9 meliorace a hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Podn\u011bty k\u00a0zalo\u017een\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 slu\u017eby hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in lze naj\u00edt ve 40. a 50. letech 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy oblast Savojsk\u00fdch Alp ve Francii postihly katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b. Ji\u017e p\u0159edt\u00edm mnoho odborn\u00edk\u016f varovalo, \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed horsk\u00fdch svah\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt neblah\u00e9 d\u016fsledky v\u00a0podob\u011b ni\u010div\u00fdch vodn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edval\u016f. Teprve des\u00edtky mrtv\u00fdch a stamilionov\u00e9 \u0161kody po t\u011bchto katastrof\u00e1ch donutily francouzskou vl\u00e1du vytvo\u0159it pot\u0159ebn\u00e9<!--more--> p\u0159edpoklady pro \u00fa\u010dinnou, odborn\u011b vedenou ochranu t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159ijala z\u00e1kony o znovuzalesn\u011bn\u00ed (1860) a znovuzatravn\u011bn\u00ed (1864) a z\u0159\u00eddila speci\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017ebu &#8211; Service de reboisement &#8211; je\u017e se stala vzorem pro ostatn\u00ed st\u00e1ty v\u00a0Evrop\u011b. V\u00a0Rakousku-Uhersku podn\u00edtila zalo\u017een\u00ed slu\u017eby hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in obdobn\u00e1 katastrofa v\u00a0roce 1882 v\u00a0Tyrolsku a teprve v roce 1884 byl p\u0159ijat z\u00e1kon \u201eO ne\u0161kodn\u00e9m sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed horsk\u00fdch vod&#8220;, a\u010d ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 1826 lesn\u00edci upozor\u0148ovali na zdevastovan\u00fd stav les\u016f v\u00a0horsk\u00fdch povod\u00edch a na souvislost s\u00a0n\u00e1hl\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edvaly vod.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Po\u010d\u00e1tky zahrazovac\u00edch prac\u00ed na \u010desk\u00fdch, moravsk\u00fdch a slezsk\u00fdch byst\u0159in\u00e1ch jsou spojeny se zalo\u017een\u00edm sekce hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in v\u00a0T\u011b\u0161\u00edn\u011b (1884). Situace si v\u0161ak vynutila postupn\u00e9 zalo\u017een\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch sekc\u00ed &#8211; v Lan\u0161kroun\u011b (1888, pro \u010cechy, v\u00a0roce 1890 p\u0159elo\u017eena do Prahy), Opav\u011b (1906, pro Slezsko) a Brn\u011b (1909, pro Moravu). <strong>Skute\u010dn\u00fd po\u010d\u00e1tek masov\u00e9ho rozvoje zahrazovac\u00edch prac\u00ed na severn\u00ed Morav\u011b byl d\u00e1n a\u017e zemsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem z\u00a0roku 1904 o zahrazen\u00ed 120 byst\u0159in s\u00a0dotac\u00ed 7,5 milionu rakousk\u00fdch korun.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddili lesn\u00edci, se v\u00a0\u010cech\u00e1ch soust\u0159edily nejprve do horsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed Krkono\u0161, kde byly zahrazeny pramenn\u00e9 oblasti Labe, Velk\u00e9 a Mal\u00e9 \u00dapy; na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku pak na \u00fapravu byst\u0159in fly\u0161ov\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma v\u00a0povod\u00ed Be\u010dvy, d\u00e1le pak Lomn\u00e9 a Lubiny. N\u00e1kladn\u00e9 a pracn\u00e9 \u00fapravy si v\u0161ak vy\u017e\u00e1dalo i hrazen\u00ed str\u017e\u00ed a byst\u0159inn\u00fdch tok\u016f v\u00a0pahorkatin\u00e1ch v\u00a0povod\u00ed Rakovnick\u00e9ho potoka, kde bylo v obdob\u00ed 1892 a\u017e 1903 zahrazeno asi 70 kilometr\u016f str\u017e\u00ed, v\u00a0povod\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka, Litavky a p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f Vltavy mez\u00ed Zbraslav\u00ed a Kam\u00fdkem.<\/p>\n<p>Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b ve 20. letech 20. stol. si vy\u017e\u00e1daly dal\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 \u00fapravy, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0povod\u00ed Desn\u00e9, B\u011bl\u00e9 a Brann\u00e9 v\u00a0Jesen\u00edk\u00e1ch, kde bylo t\u0159eba zabezpe\u010dit i velk\u00e9 plo\u0161n\u00e9 sesuvy, d\u00e1le pak v\u00a0oblasti Ti\u0161novska a p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f B\u011bl\u00e9 u Bohosudova a Chaba\u0159ovic v Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch a pravostrann\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f Labe u \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b povod\u00ed \u010ce\u0159eni\u0161tsk\u00e9ho potoka.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00ednos z\u00e1kona \u201eO ne\u0161kodn\u00e9m sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed horsk\u00fdch vod&#8220; z\u00a0roku 1884 je pro stabilizaci krajiny a les\u016f v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch nesm\u00edrn\u00fd. <strong>Za dobu jeho p\u016fsoben\u00ed se les d\u00edky p\u00e9\u010di lesn\u00edk\u016f vr\u00e1til na t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sto tis\u00edc hektar\u016f horsk\u00fdch a podhorsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Dlouhodobou \u010dinnost\u00ed slu\u017eby hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in bylo upraveno asi \u0161est procent z\u00a0celkov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky byst\u0159in, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblastech.<\/strong> Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st byst\u0159in tedy st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm stavu.<\/p>\n<p>Slu\u017eba hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in m\u011bla od zalo\u017een\u00ed charakter ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy. Z\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tku byla rozd\u011blena do \u00fazemn\u00edch sekc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddilo lesotechnick\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed p\u0159i tehdej\u0161\u00edm ministerstvu orby ve V\u00eddni. Po roce 1918 bylo z\u0159\u00edzeno samostatn\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in p\u0159i ministerstvu zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed s\u00a0expoziturami v\u00a0Praze, Brn\u011b a Opav\u011b. Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce v\u00a0roce 1952 byla do t\u00e9 doby samostatn\u00e1 slu\u017eba hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in organiza\u010dn\u011b za\u010dlen\u011bna do St\u00e1tn\u00edch les\u016f a jej\u00edm v\u00fdkonem byly pov\u011b\u0159eny stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1vody. Na nich v\u00a0roce 1976 vznikly spr\u00e1vy tok\u016f. Po zalo\u017een\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edho podniku Lesy \u010cR bylo v\u00a0roce 1992 ustaveno \u0161est oblastn\u00edch spr\u00e1v tok\u016f, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0roce 2002 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily na sedm.<\/p>\n<p><strong>O co v\u0161echno se staraj\u00ed spr\u00e1vy tok\u016f Les\u016f \u010cR?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee lesotechnick\u00e9 meliorace a hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in neztratily ani dnes nic ze sv\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eitosti, se potvrdila po tragick\u00fdch povodn\u00edch v\u00a0letech 1997 a 2002. Zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se \u010detnost ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech republiky naopak jejich v\u00fdznam pro ochranu lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f a majetku jen podtrhuje<strong>. Lesy \u010cR spravuj\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm oblastn\u00edch spr\u00e1v tok\u016f t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 tis\u00edc kilometr\u016f drobn\u00fdch byst\u0159inn\u00fdch tok\u016f, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje asi jednu \u010dtvrtinu v\u0161ech vodn\u00edch tok\u016f nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch se v\u00a0pramenn\u00fdch oblastech a horn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech povod\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Oblastn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy tok\u016f se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed hlavn\u011b na v\u00fdkon spr\u00e1vy ur\u010den\u00fdch vodn\u00edch tok\u016f a vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch d\u011bl; zabezpe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed lesotechnick\u00fdch meliorac\u00ed a hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in s\u00a0c\u00edlem stabilizovat a zlep\u0161ovat odtokov\u00e9 pom\u011bry a na p\u00e9\u010di o pln\u011bn\u00ed vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch, p\u016fdoochrann\u00fdch a krajinotvorn\u00fdch funkc\u00ed lesa. Pracovn\u00edci spr\u00e1v zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed a obhospoda\u0159uj\u00ed b\u0159ehov\u00e9 porosty; prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed technick\u00e9 a biotechnick\u00e9 \u00fapravy tok\u016f; zpev\u0148uj\u00ed b\u0159ehy a sanuj\u00ed sesuvy a str\u017ee. D\u00e1le upravuj\u00ed vodn\u00ed re\u017eim, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0ne\u0161kodn\u00e9mu sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch vod a povod\u0148ov\u00fdch pr\u016ftok\u016f, zakl\u00e1daj\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 lesn\u00ed p\u00e1sy a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed horn\u00ed hranice lesa. Krom\u011b toho p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm vodn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 eroze, rekultivuj\u00ed pozemky; revitalizuj\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my a obnovuj\u00ed ekologickou stabilitu \u00fazem\u00ed. Pod\u00edlej\u00ed se tak\u00e9 na preventivn\u00ed \u010dinnosti p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed lavin, svahov\u00fdch sesuv\u016f a str\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u016fsledky nesoustavn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0posledn\u00edch 60 letech se \u010dinnost hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in organiza\u010dn\u011b m\u011bnila, co\u017e j\u00ed nijak neprosp\u011blo, zanikla jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010delov\u00e1 legislativa, financov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo nesoustavn\u00e9, \u010dinnosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k\u00a0ochran\u011b pramenn\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed se v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezily. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00a0tomto obdob\u00ed za\u010daly lesy v\u00a0d\u016fsledku p\u016fsoben\u00ed imis\u00ed v\u00a0pramenn\u00fdch oblastech ch\u0159adnout. <strong>Hlavn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed tkv\u00ed v\u00a0poklesu stability porost\u016f, je ohro\u017eena jejich ochrann\u00e1 funkce, tedy ochrana horsk\u00fdch h\u0159bet\u016f a svah\u016f p\u0159ed zrychlenou eroz\u00ed a ochrana proti lavin\u00e1m. <\/strong>Je naru\u0161ena jejich vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 funkce, ale i rekrea\u010dn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed. V\u00a0pramenn\u00fdch oblastech p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 ploch s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm povrchov\u00e9ho odtoku vody, zhor\u0161uj\u00ed se podm\u00ednky vsaku sr\u00e1\u017eek, p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 lini\u00ed soust\u0159e\u010fuj\u00edc\u00edch odtok vody s\u00a0negativn\u00edmi d\u016fsledky zrychlen\u00e9 eroze p\u016fdy a povod\u0148ov\u00fdch \u0161kod.<\/p>\n<p>Tak jako v\u00a0minulosti i v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti jsou specifick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in zam\u011b\u0159eny nejen na ochranu p\u016fdy a majetk\u016f v\u00a0byst\u0159inn\u00fdch povod\u00edch, ale v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k\u00a0tvorb\u011b krajiny v\u00a0pramenn\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch tok\u016f. Biologicko technick\u00e9 aktivity jsou st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 je opom\u00edjet ani v\u00a0z\u00e1jmu ekologick\u00e9 stability \u00fazem\u00ed nahradit. Hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in se v\u00fdznamn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed na pln\u011bn\u00ed mimoproduk\u010dn\u00edch funkc\u00ed lesa, kter\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0pramenn\u00fdch oblastech vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, a p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed i mimo les. Stalo se sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nejen nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona o les\u00edch, ale i st\u00e1tn\u00ed lesnick\u00e9 politiky zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy v\u00a0les\u00edch. \u010cinnosti hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in a lesnicko technick\u00fdch meliorac\u00ed jsou opodstatn\u011bnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>St\u0159et s\u00a0ochranou p\u0159\u00edrody<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed st\u0159et spr\u00e1vy byst\u0159inn\u00fdch tok\u016f s\u00a0ochr\u00e1nci p\u0159\u00edrody vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00a0rozd\u00edln\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k\u00a0hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in a k\u00a0\u00faprav\u00e1m tok\u016f v\u016fbec. Zat\u00edmco posl\u00e1n\u00edm slu\u017eby hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in je ochrana lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f, majetk\u016f a toho, co \u010dlov\u011bk vytvo\u0159il v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu historie, ochr\u00e1nci p\u0159\u00edrody se dr\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1sady, \u017ee vodn\u00ed toky, v\u010detn\u011b jejich pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch p\u00e1sem, si zasluhuj\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161enou ochranu a p\u0159\u00edtomnost \u010dlov\u011bka zde pova\u017euj\u00ed v\u00a0podstat\u011b za \u0161kodlivou p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Siln\u00fdm argumentem ochr\u00e1nc\u016f p\u0159\u00edrody se stala i ot\u00e1zka pr\u016fchodnosti p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdch objekt\u016f pro vodn\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichy.<\/p>\n<p>Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch ochr\u00e1nc\u016f p\u0159\u00edrody katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b z\u00a0let 1997, 1998, 2002 m\u011bly za n\u00e1sledek v\u0161eobecn\u011b p\u0159irozenou revitalizaci vodn\u00edch tok\u016f v\u010detn\u011b byst\u0159in, tak\u017ee obnova \u00faprav zdaleka nen\u00ed nutn\u00e1 v\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00edm rozsahu. P\u0159itom erozi nutno pova\u017eovat za p\u0159irozen\u00fd jev, kter\u00e9mu se nen\u00ed t\u0159eba br\u00e1nit. V\u00a0takov\u00e9 situaci jsou kompromisy velice t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed projekt\u016f zdlouhav\u00e9 ke \u0161kod\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu, obc\u00ed, ob\u010dan\u016f i lesn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem kompromis\u016f jsou tak\u00e9 \u010dasto neplnohodnotn\u00e9 stavby z\u00a0hlediska princip\u016f hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in, a o tom, kdo m\u00e1 pravdu, rozhodne asi zase jenom povode\u0148.<\/p>\n<p>Bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po povodn\u00edch si m\u00e1lokdo uv\u011bdomoval, \u017ee jednou z\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u010din velk\u00fdch \u0161kod je ji\u017e \u0159adu let trvaj\u00edc\u00ed podce\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdznamu hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in. Z\u00a0\u017eiv\u00e9 historick\u00e9 pam\u011bti se ztratily vzpom\u00ednky na minul\u00e9 povod\u0148ov\u00e9 katastrofy i na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee to byli lesn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u00a0minulosti postarali o zalesn\u011bn\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 plochy horsk\u00fdch svah\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch do t\u00e9 doby k\u00a0pastv\u011b, a tak\u00e9 se st\u00e1tn\u00ed podporou zajistili stabilizaci mnoh\u00fdch byst\u0159in stavbami a biotechnick\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in tam, kde to bylo nutn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Mal\u00e1 podpora m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek \u0161patn\u00fd technick\u00fd stav mnoh\u00fdch objekt\u016f hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in s\u00a0pro\u0161lou \u017eivotnost\u00ed. Komplexn\u011b zahrazen\u00e9 byst\u0159iny v\u00a0dobr\u00e9m technick\u00e9m stavu p\u0159e\u010dkaly i se sv\u00fdm okol\u00edm povodn\u011b bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u0161kod. <strong>Upravenost byst\u0159inn\u00fdch tok\u016f \u010din\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru za \u010cR 6 procent.<\/strong> Tuto upravenost nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 podstatn\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161ovat, pouze obnovovat a dopl\u0148ovat podle nov\u00fdch poznatk\u016f. St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed stav takto nem\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b negativn\u011b ovlivnit z\u00e1jmy ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody oproti dochovan\u00e9mu stavu ani do budoucna, nebo\u0165 i ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem na stabilit\u011b sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho krajinn\u00e9ho r\u00e1zu horsk\u00fdch i podhorsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Podn\u011bty k\u00a0zalo\u017een\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 slu\u017eby hrazen\u00ed byst\u0159in lze naj\u00edt ve 40. a 50. letech 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy oblast Savojsk\u00fdch Alp ve Francii postihly katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b. Ji\u017e p\u0159edt\u00edm mnoho odborn\u00edk\u016f varovalo, \u017ee rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 odles\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed horsk\u00fdch svah\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt neblah\u00e9 d\u016fsledky v\u00a0podob\u011b ni\u010div\u00fdch vodn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edval\u016f. Teprve des\u00edtky mrtv\u00fdch a stamilionov\u00e9 \u0161kody po t\u011bchto katastrof\u00e1ch donutily francouzskou vl\u00e1du vytvo\u0159it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-les"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4YkmD-1co","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4612"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4612\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4613,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4612\/revisions\/4613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.benateckyctyrlistek.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}